1. Introduction to Drones

An overview of the history, evolution, and modern-day applications of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). We’ll explore how drones are changing industries from photography to emergency response.

2. Types of Systems

A deep dive into the different categories of drones, including Fixed-wing, Multi-rotor (like the Pluto drone), and Hybrid systems, understanding the pros and cons of each design.

3. Forces of Flight

Understanding the physics of how drones stay in the air. We cover the four fundamental forces: Lift, Weight, Thrust, and Drag, and how they must be balanced for stable flight.

4. Dynamics of an Aerial System: Axes of Rotation

Learn how a drone moves in 3D space. We explain the concepts of Pitch (tilting forward/back), Roll (tilting left/right), and Yaw (rotating clockwise/counter-clockwise).

5. Flying Basics

Practical knowledge on how to operate a drone safely. This includes pre-flight checklists, throttle control, hovering techniques, and landing procedures.

6. Building a Drone

A hands-on module where students learn the hardware assembly. We discuss the importance of frame rigidity, weight distribution, and component placement for optimal performance.

7. Propellers

Exploring the "wings" of the drone. We discuss propeller pitch, diameter, and the difference between Clockwise (CW) and Counter-Clockwise (CCW) rotations to provide stable lift.

8. Motors

An introduction to Brushless vs. Brushed DC motors. We’ll cover how KV ratings and motor torque influence the drone’s speed and payload capacity.

9. Batteries

Understanding power sources, specifically LiPo (Lithium Polymer) batteries. We cover "S" ratings (voltage), "C" ratings (discharge), and essential safety protocols for charging and storage.

10. Need for Sensors

Why can't a drone fly without sensors? We explain how sensors act as the "eyes and ears" of the drone, allowing it to maintain balance and respond to the environment.

11. Types of Sensors in Pluto

A specific look at the Pluto drone’s internal sensors, including the Accelerometer (speed/tilt), Gyroscope (rotation), and Magnetometer (direction/heading).

12. Distance Sensors

Introduction to obstacle detection. We discuss how drones measure their proximity to objects to avoid collisions and maintain a steady altitude.

13. Time of Flight (ToF) Sensors

A technical look at advanced distance sensing. ToF sensors measure the time it takes for a light signal to bounce off an object, providing highly accurate 3D mapping and altitude hold.

14. Understanding Entire Framework using Block Diagram

Visualizing the "brain" of the drone. We map out how the Flight Controller communicates with the sensors, battery, and motors to create a cohesive flying system.

15. C++ Programming

An introduction to the coding language behind the drone. Students will learn the syntax of C++ and how to write logic that instructs the flight controller to perform specific tasks.

16. Projects (Using C++ and Visual Studio Code)

The capstone of the workshop. Students will use the VS Code environment to write, compile, and upload custom code to their drones, executing real-world flight missions and autonomous maneuvers.